|
BROWN SWISS |
Trait: Stature |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.50 |
Height at withers |
CHE |
0.42 |
Height at withers |
DEA |
0.47 |
Height at sacrum |
FRA |
0.63 |
Height at sacrum |
ITA |
0.24 |
Height at withers |
NLD |
0.57 |
Height at top of spine in between hips |
USA |
0.43 |
Stature |
|
Trait: Chest width |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.21 |
Chest width |
CHE |
0.25 |
Chest width |
DEA |
0.23 |
Circumference of chest |
FRA |
0.40 |
Chest depth |
ITA |
0.17 |
Front, width and depth of chest |
NLD |
0.30 |
Width from inside surface between top of front legs |
USA |
0.20 |
Strength |
|
Trait: Body depth |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.32 |
Body depth |
CHE |
0.32 |
Body depth |
DEA |
0.26 |
Body depth |
FRA |
0.39 |
Max distance between top and bottom lines |
ITA |
0.18 |
Depth of last rib, deepest point of body |
NLD |
0.32 |
Distance between top of spine and bottom of barrel of last
rib |
USA |
- |
- |
|
Trait: Angularity |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.26 |
Dairy strength |
CHE |
0.28 |
Muscling |
DEA |
- |
- |
FRA |
0.48 |
Dairy character |
ITA |
0.18 |
Degree of angularity |
NLD |
0.26 |
Angle and openness of ribs, flatness of bone avoiding
coarseness |
USA |
0.18 |
Dairy form |
|
Trait: Rump angle |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.32 |
Rump angle |
CHE |
0.29 |
Rump angle |
DEA |
0.29 |
Angle of rump from hips to pin (side view) |
FRA |
0.33 |
Hip to pins |
ITA |
0.21 |
Angle of rump from hips to pin (side view) |
NLD |
0.39 |
Angle from top of pin to top of hip bone |
USA |
0.27 |
Rump angle |
|
Trait: Rump width |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.26 |
Width at pins |
CHE |
0.32 |
Rump width |
DEA |
0.28 |
Distance between pin bones |
FRA |
0.39 |
Width at hips |
ITA |
- |
- |
NLD |
0.39 |
Distance between two most posterior points of pin bones |
USA |
0.18 |
Thurl width |
|
Trait: Rear leg side view |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.16 |
Rear leg side view |
CHE |
0.21 |
Hock angle |
DEA |
0.22 |
Angle of hock in the rear leg |
FRA |
0.18 |
Rear leg side view |
ITA |
0.11 |
Angle of hock in |
NLD |
0.24 |
Angle measured at the front of the hock |
USA |
0.18 |
Rear leg |
|
Trait: Pasterns/Foot angle |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.07 |
Foot angle |
CHE |
0.13 |
Pasterns |
DEA |
0.18 |
Foot angle |
FRA |
0.12 |
Foot angle |
ITA |
0.09 |
Pasterns |
NLD |
0.20 |
Foot angle (angle at the front of the rear hoof measured
from the floor to the hairline) |
USA |
0.13 |
Foot angle |
|
Trait: Heel depth |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.08 |
Hoof height |
CHE |
0.10 |
Hoof height |
DEA |
0.08 |
Height of hoof |
FRA |
0.14 |
Shallow to deep |
ITA |
0.07 |
Height of hoof |
NLD |
0.20 |
Foot angle (angle at the front of the rear hoof measured
from the floor to the hairline) |
USA |
- |
- |
|
Trait: Fore udder |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.23 |
Attachment |
CHE |
0.22 |
Fore udder length |
DEA |
0.21 |
Fore udder length |
FRA |
0.31 |
Length: short to long |
ITA |
0.14 |
Length of attachment between body and fore |
NLD |
0.30 |
Strength of fore udder attachment to abdominal wall |
USA |
0.22 |
Fore udder attachment |
|
Trait: Rear udder height |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.20 |
Rear udder height |
CHE |
0.21 |
Rear udder height |
DEA |
0.18 |
Distance between vulva and milk secreting tissue |
FRA |
0.26 |
Distance between vulva and top of secreting tissue |
ITA |
0.17 |
Distance between vulva and milk secreting tissue |
NLD |
0.28 |
Distance between pin bones and milk secreting tissue |
USA |
0.22 |
Rear udder height |
|
Trait: Rear udder width |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.19 |
Rear udder width |
CHE |
0.20 |
Rear udder width |
DEA |
0.20 |
Rear udder width |
FRA |
0.37 |
Rear udder attachment width |
ITA |
0.16 |
Distance between the crease between the udder and the legs
comparing the crease on the other side |
NLD |
0.28 |
Rear udder height |
USA |
0.19 |
Read udder width |
|
Trait: Udder support |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.18 |
Median Suspensory |
CHE |
0.26 |
Suspensory ligament |
DEA |
0.22 |
Depth of median cleft |
FRA |
0.32 |
Cleft between teats and above |
ITA |
0.13 |
Depth of median cleft |
NLD |
0.28 |
Depth of cleft measured at base of udder |
USA |
0.22 |
Udder cleft |
|
Trait: Udder depth |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.31 |
Udder depth |
CHE |
0.23 |
Udder depth |
DEA |
0.37 |
Distance between hock and bottom of udder |
FRA |
0.43 |
Distance between hocks and the bottom point of udder |
ITA |
0.20 |
Distance between hock and bottom of udder |
NLD |
0.40 |
Distance from lowest udder floor to hock |
USA |
0.34 |
Udder depth |
|
Trait: Teat placement |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.20 |
Fore |
CHE |
0.34 |
Front |
DEA |
0.35 |
Placement of front teats |
FRA |
0.41 |
Distance between fore teats |
ITA |
- |
- |
NLD |
0.42 |
The position of the centre of the front teat at the point
of the udder - front view |
USA |
0.27 |
Teat placement |
|
Trait: Teat length |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.29 |
Teat length |
CHE |
0.37 |
Teat length |
DEA |
0.48 |
Length of rear teats |
FRA |
0.44 |
Short to long |
ITA |
0.30 |
Length of teat |
NLD |
0.43 |
Length of front teat |
USA |
0.34 |
Teat length |
|
Trait: Rear teat placement |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.26 |
Rear teat placement |
CHE |
0.32 |
Rear teat placement |
DEA |
0.31 |
Placement of rear teats |
FRA |
0.37 |
Rear teat placement |
ITA |
0.14 |
Rear teat placement |
NLD |
0.39 |
Position of the center of the rear teat in relation to the
base of the udder |
USA |
- |
- |
|
Trait: Overall conformation |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.23 |
Overall conformation |
CHE |
0.26 |
Overall conformation score |
DEA |
- |
- |
FRA |
0.41 |
Overall conformation (composite) |
ITA |
0.25 |
Overall conformation score |
NLD |
0.30 |
Overall conformation score (composite) |
USA |
0.29 |
Final score |
|
Trait: Overall udder |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.21 |
Overall udder |
CHE |
0.29 |
Overall udder score |
DEA |
0.34 |
Overall udder score |
FRA |
0.40 |
Overall udder score |
ITA |
0.21 |
Udder score |
NLD |
0.34 |
Qualification of the total udder, with emphasis on teat
placement, suspensory ligament and udder depth |
USA |
0.29 |
- |
|
Trait: Overall feet & leg score |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.17 |
Overall feet & leg score |
CHE |
0.17 |
Overall feet & leg score |
DEA |
0.16 |
Overall feet & leg score, incl runp angle, top line |
FRA |
0.11 |
Overall feet & leg score |
ITA |
0.11 |
Overall feet & leg score |
NLD |
0.17 |
Set and bone quality of legs, quality of feet, and use of
legs and feet |
USA |
- |
- |
|
Trait: Locomotion |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.12 |
RLRV |
CHE |
- |
- |
DEA |
- |
- |
FRA |
- |
- |
ITA |
- |
- |
NLD |
0.12 |
Use of feet and legs |
USA |
- |
- |
|
Trait: Body Condition Score |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
CAN |
0.26 |
Angularity |
CHE |
- |
- |
DEA |
- |
- |
FRA |
- |
- |
ITA |
0.19 |
Body condition score (Edmonson) |
NLD |
0.35 |
The relative fatness or body composition of the cow |
USA |
- |
- |
|
RED DAIRY CATTLE, GUERNSEY, HOLSTEIN AND JERSEY |
Trait:Stature |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.45 |
Height of rump between hips |
BEL |
0.52 |
Stature |
CAN |
0.50 |
Height at withers (Guernsey) |
|
0.53 |
Height at hips
(Holstein) |
|
0.46 |
Height at withers (Jersey) |
|
0.55 |
Height at withers (Red Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.48 |
Height at withers |
CHR |
0.45 |
Height at withers |
CZE |
0.49 |
Stature |
DEU |
0.42 |
Stature |
DFS |
0.60 |
Stature (Holstein + Red Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.42 |
Stature (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.41 |
Height at rump between hips |
EST |
0.61 |
Stature |
FRA |
0.51 |
Height at Sacrum |
FRR |
0.55 |
|
GBR |
0.55 |
Stature (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.64 |
-"-
(Guernsey) |
|
0.48 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.44 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
HUN |
0.43 |
Stature |
ITA |
0.38 |
Stature (Holstein) |
|
0.36 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
JPN |
0.53 |
Height at rump |
NLD |
0.57 |
Measured in cm from the top of the spine in between hips
to ground |
NOR |
0.37 |
Rump height in cm |
NZL |
0.37 |
Hight at the shoulders of the animal |
POL |
0.63 |
Stature |
USA |
0.54 |
Stature (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.49 |
Stature (Guernsey) |
|
0.42 |
Distance ground to hip bone/vertebrae (Holstein) |
|
0.37 |
Stature (Jersey) |
ZAF |
0.42 |
Height of the front part of rump (Holstein) |
|
0.13 |
Wither height (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Chest width |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.24 |
Distance between fore legs |
BEL |
0.14 |
Chest width |
CAN |
0.21 |
Chest width (Guernsey) |
|
0.22 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.17 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.25 |
-"-
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.20 |
Distance between fore legs |
CHR |
0.20 |
Distance between fore legs |
CZE |
0.18 |
Chest width |
DEU |
0.18 |
Chest width |
DFS |
0.18 |
Chest width |
DNK |
0.17 |
Chest width (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.20 |
Distance between fore legs |
EST |
0.18 |
Chest width |
FRA |
0.19 |
Chest width |
FRR |
0.25 |
|
GBR |
0.25 |
Chest width (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.18 |
-"-
(Guernsey) |
|
0.25 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.18 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
HUN |
0.28 |
Chest width |
ITA |
0.29 |
Chest width (Holstein) |
|
0.26 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
JPN |
0.30 |
Width of chest floor |
NLD |
0.30 |
Measured from the inside surface between the top of the
front legs |
NOR |
0.34 |
Heart girth in cm |
NZL |
0.22 |
Strength and depth of chest and body |
POL |
0.13 |
Chest width |
USA |
0.31 |
Strength (Red
Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.22 |
Strength
(Guernsey) |
|
0.28 |
Width of chest, muzzle, and substance of bone (Holstein) |
|
0.21 |
Strength
(Jersey) |
ZAF |
0.24 |
Chest width (Holstein) |
|
0.08 |
Chest width (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Body depth |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.24 |
Depth of the last rib |
BEL |
0.29 |
Body depth |
CAN |
0.32 |
Body depth (Guernsey) |
|
0.32 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.32 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.32 |
-"- (Red
Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.30 |
Depth of the last rib |
CHR |
0.36 |
Depth of the last rib |
CZE |
0.27 |
Body depth |
DEU |
0.24 |
Body depth |
DFS |
0.27 |
Body depth |
DNK |
0.25 |
Body depth (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.26 |
Depth and width of rib cage, side view |
EST |
0.43 |
Body depth |
FRA |
0.36 |
Body Depth |
FRR |
0.22 |
|
GBR |
0.27 |
Body depth (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.26 |
-"-
(Guernsey) |
|
0.43 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.27 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
HUN |
0.30 |
Body depth |
ITA |
0.31 |
Body depth (Holstein) |
|
0.25 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
JPN |
0.38 |
Depth of rear rib |
NLD |
0.32 |
Distance between top of spine and bottom of barrel at last
rib - deepest point |
NOR |
- |
- |
NZL |
0.22 |
Strength and depth of chest and body |
POL |
0.15 |
Body depth |
USA |
0.29 |
Body depth
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.32 |
Body depth
(Guernsey) |
|
0.35 |
Depth of rib cage (Holstein) |
|
- |
-
(Jersey) |
ZAF |
0.20 |
Depth at the deepest part of the centre piece (Holstein) |
|
0.15 |
Body depth (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Angularity |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.24 |
Angularity |
BEL |
0.28 |
Angularity |
CAN |
0.26 |
Angularity (Guernsey) |
|
0.26 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.26 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.26 |
-"- (Red
Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.22 |
Distance, flatness and openess of ribs |
CHR |
- |
- |
CZE |
0.29 |
Angularity |
DEU |
0.25 |
Angularity |
DFS |
0.31 |
Dairy form |
DNK |
0.27 |
Dairy form (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.28 |
Sharpness of back and thights, openess of ribs, flatness
of bone |
EST |
0.25 |
Angularity |
FRA |
0.28 |
Angularity |
FRR |
0.36 |
Angularity |
GBR |
0.51 |
Angularity (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.26 |
-"-
(Guernsey) |
|
0.33 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.29 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
HUN |
0.26 |
Angularity |
ITA |
0.31 |
Angularity (Holstein) |
|
0.24 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
JPN |
0.25 |
Sharpness and flatness of bone, openness and slant of rib,
lenght of neck, quality of skin |
NLD |
0.26 |
The angle and openess of the ribs, combined with flatness
of bone avoiding coarseness |
NOR |
- |
- |
NZL |
- |
- |
POL |
0.37 |
Angularity |
USA |
0.20 |
Dairy Form (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.28 |
Dairy Form (Guernsey) |
|
0.31 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.21 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
ZAF |
0.20 |
Angularity (Holstein) |
|
0.11 |
Dairy form (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Rump angle |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.24 |
Angle of the rump from hips to pins |
BEL |
0.35 |
Rump angle |
CAN |
0.32 |
Rump angle (Guernsey) |
|
0.36 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.29 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.35 |
-"- (Red
Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.39 |
Angle of the rump from hips to pins |
CHR |
0.37 |
Angle of the rump from hips to pins, side view |
CZE |
0.32 |
Rump angle |
DEU |
0.26 |
Rump angle |
DFS |
0.32 |
Rump angle (Holstein, Red Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.29 |
Rump angle (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.30 |
Angle of the rump from hips to pins |
EST |
0.42 |
Rump angle |
FRA |
0.33 |
Rump angle |
FRR |
0.40 |
Rump angle |
GBR |
0.27 |
Rump angle (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.31 |
-"-
(Guernsey) |
|
0.31 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.29 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
HUN |
0.28 |
Rump angle |
ITA |
0.25 |
Rump angle (Holstein) |
|
0.28 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
JPN |
0.41 |
Slope from hips to pins |
NLD |
0.39 |
Measured as the angle from the top of the pin to the top
of the hip bone |
NOR |
0.19 |
Rump angle |
NZL |
0.25 |
Angle of rump from hips to pins |
POL |
0.25 |
Rump angle |
USA |
0.28 |
Rump angle (Red
Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.41 |
Rump angle
(Guernsey) |
|
0.35 |
Angle of the rump structure from hooks to pins (Holstein) |
|
0.22 |
Rump angle (Jersey) |
ZAF |
0.22 |
Side view of angle between pinbones and hipbones
(Holstein) |
|
0.13 |
Rump angle (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Rump width |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.24 |
Distance between pins |
BEL |
0.31 |
Rump width |
CAN |
0.26 |
Width at pins (Guernsey) |
|
0.34 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.21 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.30 |
-"-
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.42 |
Distance between pinS |
CHR |
0.24 |
Distance between pins |
CZE |
0.40 |
Rump width |
DEU |
0.29 |
Rump width |
DFS |
0.33 |
Rump width (Holstein, Red Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.32 |
Rump width (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.28 |
Distance between pins |
EST |
0.37 |
Rump width |
FRA |
0.31 |
Rump width |
FRR |
0.14 |
Rump width |
GBR |
0.38 |
Rump width (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.31 |
-"-
(Guernsey) |
|
0.30 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.25 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
HUN |
0.21 |
Rump width |
ITA |
0.29 |
Rump width (Holstein) |
|
0.15 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
JPN |
0.34 |
Distance between pins |
NLD |
0.39 |
The distance between the most posterior point of pin bones |
NOR |
- |
- |
NZL |
0.19 |
Width of pins, hips and thurls |
POL |
0.24 |
Rump width |
USA |
0.35 |
Thurl width (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.29 |
Thurl width (Guernsey) |
|
0.25 |
Distance between inside wall of pins (Holstein) |
|
0.18 |
Thurl width (Jersey) |
ZAF |
0.17 |
Distance between the two centers of the pinbones
(Holstein) |
|
0.05 |
Thurl width (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Rear leg side view |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.17 |
Side view of the angle of the hock in the rear leg |
BEL |
0.15 |
Rear legs side view |
CAN |
0.16 |
Rear legs side view (Guernsey) |
|
0.24 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.14 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.18 |
-"-
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.11 |
Side view of the angle of the hock in the rear leg |
CHR |
0.27 |
Side view of the angle of the hock in the rear leg |
CZE |
0.16 |
Rear leg set |
DEU |
0.15 |
Rear leg set |
DFS |
0.23 |
Rear legs side view (Red Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.14 |
Rear legs side view (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.17 |
Side view of the angle of the hock in the rear leg |
EST |
0.26 |
Rear leg side view |
FRA |
0.15 |
Rear leg set |
FRR |
0.10 |
Rear leg set |
GBR |
0.27 |
Rear leg set (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.18 |
-"-
(Guernsey) |
|
0.19 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.18 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
HUN |
0.13 |
Rear leg set |
ITA |
0.16 |
Rear leg set (Holstein) |
|
0.11 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
JPN |
0.20 |
Straight - sickle leg, side view |
NLD |
0.24 |
Angle measured at the front of the hock |
NOR |
0.11 |
Rear leg side view |
NZL |
0.07 |
Straightness or curvature of the rear legs |
POL |
0.12 |
Rear leg set |
USA |
0.15 |
Rear legs (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.16 |
Rear legs (Guernsey) |
|
0.21 |
Amount of set to the hock joint (Holstein) |
|
0.07 |
Rear legs (Jersey) |
ZAF |
0.10 |
Rear leg side view (Holstein) |
|
0.03 |
Rear leg set (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Rear leg rear view |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.25 |
Rear leg rear view |
BEL |
0.09 |
Rear leg rear view |
CAN |
0.13 |
Rear leg rear view (Guernsey) |
|
0.13 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.13 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.13 |
-"-
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.10 |
Rear leg rear view |
CHR |
0.21 |
Rear leg rear view |
CZE |
0.14 |
Rear leg rear view |
DEU |
0.16 |
Angle of toe out of the rear feet |
DFS |
0.19 |
Rear leg rear view (Red Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.12 |
Rear leg rear view (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.12 |
Rear leg rear view |
EST |
0.12 |
Rear leg rear view |
FRA |
0.15 |
Rear leg rear view |
FRR |
0.15 |
Rear leg rear view |
GBR |
- |
- (Red
Dairy Cattle) |
|
- |
-
(Guernsey) |
|
0.11 |
Locomotion (Holstein) |
|
- |
- (Jersey) |
HUN |
0.05 |
Rear leg rear view |
ITA |
0.15 |
Rear leg rear view (Holstein) |
|
0.07 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
JPN |
0.11 |
Sickle - straight leg, rear view |
NLD |
0.18 |
The angle of toe out of the rear feet |
NOR |
0.07 |
Rear leg rear view |
NZL |
- |
- |
POL |
0.04 |
The angle of toe out of the rear feet |
USA |
- |
- (Red Dairy
Cattle) |
|
- |
- (Guernsey) |
|
0.15 |
Amount of hock-in and/or toe-out (Holstein) |
|
- |
- (Jersey) |
ZAF |
0.11 |
Rear leg rear view (Holstein) |
|
0.04 |
Rear leg rear view (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Foot angle |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.21 |
Side view foot diagonal |
BEL |
0.06 |
Foot angle |
CAN |
0.07 |
Foot angle (Guernsey) |
|
0.11 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.06 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.08 |
-"- (Red
Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.12 |
Heel depth |
CHR |
0.22 |
Foot angle |
CZE |
0.10 |
Foot angle |
DEU |
0.12 |
Foot angle |
DFS |
0.18 |
Foot angle (Holstein, Red Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.09 |
Foot angle (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.14 |
Side view of the rear foot angle |
EST |
0.13 |
Foot angle |
FRA |
0.10 |
Foot angle |
FRR |
0.14 |
Foot angle |
GBR |
0.31 |
Foot angle (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.23 |
-"-
(Guernsey) |
|
0.14 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.25 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
HUN |
0.08 |
Foot angle |
ITA |
0.18 |
Foot angle (Holstein) |
|
0.08 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
JPN |
0.05 |
Angle between toes of the foot and ground |
NLD |
0.20 |
Angle at the front of the rear hoof measured from the
floor to the hairline |
NOR |
0.11 |
Foot angle |
NZL |
- |
- |
POL |
0.07 |
Foot angle |
USA |
0.15 |
Foot angle (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.10 |
Foot angle (Guernsey) |
|
0.12 |
Steepness of the angle of the foot (Holstein) |
|
0.10 |
Foot angle (Jersey) |
ZAF |
0.13 |
Angle between the foot's fron end and ground (Holstein) |
|
0.10 |
Foot angle (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Fore udder |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.24 |
Strength and quality of attachment between body and fore
udder - side view |
BEL |
0.23 |
Fore udder attachment |
CAN |
0.23 |
Fore udder attachment (Guernsey) |
|
0.28 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.22 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.23 |
-"-
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.22 |
Strength and quality of attachment between body and fore
udder - side view |
CHR |
0.31 |
Attachment between body and fore udder |
CZE |
0.24 |
Fore udder |
DEU |
0.21 |
Fore udder |
DFS |
0.25 |
Fore udder attachment (Holstein, Red Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.25 |
Fore udder attachment (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.21 |
Strength and quality of attachment between body and fore
udder |
EST |
0.27 |
Fore udder attachment |
FRA |
0.25 |
Fore udder attachment |
FRR |
0.27 |
Fore udder attachment |
GBR |
0.26 |
Fore udder (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.30 |
-"-
(Guernsey) |
|
0.21 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.24 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
HUN |
0.14 |
Fore udder |
ITA |
0.15 |
Fore udder (Holstein) |
|
0.22 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
JPN |
0.21 |
Strength of attachment |
NLD |
0.30 |
The strength of attachment of the fore udder to the
abdominal wall |
NOR |
0.08 |
Fore udder |
NZL |
0.20 |
Strength of attachment to the body wall |
POL |
0.17 |
Fore udder |
USA |
0.21 |
Fore udder
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.29 |
Fore udder
(Guernsey) |
|
0.22 |
Strength of the udder attachment to the body wall by
lateral ligaments (Holstein) |
|
0.19 |
Fore udder attachment
(Jersey) |
ZAF |
0.13 |
Strength of attachment (Holstein) |
|
0.10 |
Fore udder (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Rear udder height |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.27 |
Distance between vulva and milk secreting tissue |
BEL |
0.23 |
Rear udder height |
CAN |
0.20 |
Rear udder height (Guernsey) |
|
0.23 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.22 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.19 |
-"-
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.24 |
Distance between vulva and milk secreting tissue |
CHR |
0.36 |
Distance between vulva and milk secreting tissue |
CZE |
0.23 |
Rear udder height |
DEU |
0.23 |
Rear udder heigth |
DFS |
0.26 |
Rear udder height (Holstein, Red Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.17 |
Rear udder height (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.22 |
Distance between vulva and milk secreting tissue |
EST |
0.30 |
Rear udder height |
FRA |
0.21 |
Rear udder heigth |
FRR |
0.31 |
Rear udder heigth |
GBR |
0.40 |
Rear udder heigth (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.17 |
-"-
(Guernsey) |
|
0.27 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.25 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
HUN |
0.15 |
Distance between highest point of udder and middle point
of hock-pin line |
ITA |
0.20 |
Rear udder heigth (Holstein) |
|
0.17 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
JPN |
0.26 |
Distance between bottom of vulva and top of milk secretion
tissue |
NLD |
0.28 |
The distance between the pin bones and the milk secreting
tissue |
NOR |
0.09 |
Rear udder height |
NZL |
0.20 |
Height and width of the rear udder attachment |
POL |
0.23 |
Read udder height |
USA |
0.26 |
Rear udder height (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.28 |
Rear udder height (Guernsey) |
|
0.20 |
Point of rear udder attachment (Holstein) |
|
0.26 |
Rear udder height (Jersey) |
ZAF |
0.14 |
Distance from top part of rear udder to bottom of vulva
(Holstein) |
|
0.14 |
Rear udder height (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Udder support |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.27 |
Cleft of udder |
BEL |
0.19 |
Udder support |
CAN |
0.18 |
Median suspensory (Guernsey) |
|
0.14 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.19 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.17 |
-"-
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.19 |
Cleft of udder |
CHR |
0.34 |
Visibility of suspensory ligament |
CZE |
0.18 |
Udder support |
DEU |
0.14 |
Udder support |
DFS |
0.22 |
Udder cleft (Holstein, Red Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.17 |
Udder cleft (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.17 |
Cleft of udder |
EST |
0.17 |
Udder support |
FRA |
0.23 |
Udder cleft |
FRR |
0.21 |
Udder cleft |
GBR |
0.09 |
Udder support (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.20 |
-"-
(Guernsey) |
|
0.23 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.14 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
HUN |
0.12 |
Udder support |
ITA |
0.15 |
Udder support (Holstein) |
|
0.28 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
JPN |
0.20 |
Depth of cleft through the bottom of the udder |
NLD |
0.28 |
The depth of cleft, measured at the base of the udder |
NOR |
0.08 |
Udder support |
NZL |
0.20 |
Suspensory ligament and udder depth |
POL |
0.12 |
Udder support |
USA |
0.23 |
Udder cleft (Red
Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.21 |
Udder cleft
(Guernsey) |
|
0.17 |
Depth of the cleft through the front and rear udder
(Holstein) |
|
0.17 |
Udder cleft
(Jersey) |
ZAF |
0.09 |
Depth of udder cleft between rear teats (Holstein) |
|
0.07 |
Udder support (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Udder depth |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.24 |
Distance between hock and bottom of udder |
BEL |
0.29 |
Udder depth |
CAN |
0.31 |
Udder depth (Guernsey) |
|
0.42 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.30 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.32 |
-"-
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.25 |
Distance between hock and bottom of udder |
CHR |
0.34 |
Distance between hock and bottom of udder |
CZE |
0.32 |
Udder depth |
DEU |
0.26 |
Udder depth |
DFS |
0.37 |
Udder depth (Holstein, Red Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.37 |
Udder depth (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.30 |
Distance between hock and bottom of udder |
EST |
0.45 |
Udder depth |
FRA |
0.36 |
Udder-hocks distance |
FRR |
0.39 |
Udder-hocks distance |
GBR |
0.22 |
Udder depth (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.36 |
-"-
(Guernsey) |
|
0.34 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.33 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
HUN |
0.27 |
Udder depth |
ITA |
0.29 |
Udder depth (Holstein) |
|
0.36 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
JPN |
0.46 |
The distance between the lowest point of the udder floor
and the hock |
NLD |
0.40 |
The distance of the lowest udder floor to the hock |
NOR |
0.36 |
Distance teat floor |
NZL |
- |
- |
POL |
0.21 |
Udder depth |
USA |
0.31 |
Udder depth (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.40 |
Udder depth (Guernsey) |
|
0.30 |
Distance between hock and udder floor (Holstein) |
|
0.27 |
Udder depth (Jersey) |
ZAF |
0.19 |
Distance between udder floor and hocks (Holstein) |
|
0.14 |
Udder depth (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Teat placement |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.33 |
Placement of front teats - front view |
BEL |
0.32 |
Placement of front teats |
CAN |
0.20 |
Front teat placement (Guernsey) |
|
0.31 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.22 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.17 |
-"-
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.37 |
Placement of front teats |
CHR |
0.48 |
Placement of front teats - front view |
CZE |
0.20 |
Front teat placement |
DEU |
0.22 |
Teat placement |
DFS |
0.20 |
Front teat placement (Holstein, Red Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.41 |
Front teat placement (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.25 |
Distance between front teats |
EST |
0.34 |
Front teat placement |
FRA |
0.35 |
Front teat placement |
FRR |
0.31 |
Front teat placement |
GBR |
0.25 |
Front teat placement (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.39 |
Front teat placement (Guernsey) |
|
0.28 |
Teat placement
(Holstein) |
|
0.34 |
Front teat placement (Jersey) |
HUN |
0.20 |
Teat placement |
ITA |
0.22 |
Teat placement (Holstein) |
|
0.11 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
JPN |
0.38 |
Placement of from teats on the quarter - rear view |
NLD |
0.42 |
The position of the center of the front teat at the point
of the udder - front view |
NOR |
0.36 |
Distance front teats in cm |
NZL |
0.25 |
Placement of the front teats |
POL |
0.20 |
Teat placement |
USA |
0.24 |
Teat placement (Red Dairy
Cattle) |
|
0.31 |
Teat placement (Guernsey) |
|
0.27 |
Placement of front teats viewed from the rear (Holstein) |
|
0.20 |
Front teat placement (Jersey) |
ZAF |
0.19 |
Position of teat base viewed from the front (Holstein) |
|
0.19 |
Teat placement (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Teat length |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.24 |
Length of front teats - side view |
BEL |
0.34 |
Length of front teats |
CAN |
0.29 |
Front teat length (Guernsey) |
|
0.29 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.29 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.29 |
-"-
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.40 |
Length of front teats - side view |
CHR |
0.51 |
Length of front teats - side view |
CZE |
0.32 |
Teat length |
DEU |
0.25 |
Teat length |
DFS |
0.41 |
Front teat length (Holstein, Red Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.42 |
Front teat length (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.29 |
Front teat length |
EST |
0.35 |
Front teat length |
FRA |
0.39 |
Teat length |
FRR |
0.34 |
Teat length |
GBR |
0.37 |
Teat length (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.27 |
-"-
(Guernsey) |
|
0.33 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.37 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
HUN |
0.25 |
Teat length |
ITA |
0.20 |
Teat length (Holstein) |
|
0.18 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
JPN |
0.40 |
Length of (extreme) teat |
NLD |
0.43 |
The length of the front teat |
NOR |
0.26 |
Teat length |
NZL |
- |
- |
POL |
0.23 |
Teat length |
USA |
0.30 |
Teat length
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.34 |
Teat length
(Guernsey) |
|
0.28 |
Length of front teats (Holstein) |
|
0.19 |
Teat length
(Jersey) |
ZAF |
0.35 |
Teat length (Holstein) |
|
0.24 |
Teat length (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Rear teat placement |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.30 |
Rear teat placement |
BEL |
0.29 |
Rear teat placement |
CAN |
0.20 |
Rear teat placement (Guernsey) |
|
0.31 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.22 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.24 |
-"-
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.38 |
Placement of rear teats |
CHR |
- |
- |
CZE |
0.27 |
Rear teat placement |
DEU |
0.28 |
Rear teat placement |
DFS |
0.26 |
Rear teat placement (Holstein, Red Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.34 |
Rear teat placement (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.24 |
Rear teat placement |
EST |
0.36 |
Rear teat placement |
FRA |
0.29 |
Teat direction rear |
FRR |
0.31 |
Teat placement |
GBR |
- |
-
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
- |
-
(Guernsey) |
|
0.23 |
Rear teat placement (Holstein) |
|
- |
-
(Jersey) |
HUN |
- |
- |
ITA |
0.19 |
Rear teat placement |
JPN |
0.31 |
- |
NLD |
0.39 |
Position of the center of the rear teat in relation to the
base of the udder |
NOR |
0.25 |
Rear teat placement |
NZL |
0.28 |
The placement of the rear teats |
POL |
- |
- |
USA |
0.18 |
Rear teat placement (Holstein) |
ZAF |
0.19 |
Rear teat placement (Jersey) |
|
Trait: Overall conformation |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.30 |
General appearance |
BEL |
0.36 |
Overall conformation score |
CAN |
0.23 |
Final score (individual trait) (Guernsey) |
|
0.26 |
-"- (Holstein) |
|
0.23 |
-"- (Jersey) |
|
0.23 |
Final score (individual trait) (Red Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.26 |
Final score (composite trait) |
CHR |
0.34 |
Overall score (composite trait) |
CZE |
0.25 |
Overall conformation score |
DEU |
0.26 |
Relative total breeding value for type (RZE) |
DFS |
0.30 |
Overall conformation (composite trait) (Holstein, Red
Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.25 |
Overall conformation (composite trait) (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.24 |
Final class (individual trait) |
EST |
0.27 |
Overall conformation (composite trait) |
FRA |
0.30 |
Overall score (composite trait) |
FRR |
0.31 |
Overall score (composite trait) |
GBR |
0.30 |
Total score (Red Dairy
Cattle) |
|
0.36 |
Total score (Guernsey) |
|
0.31 |
Overall conformation (composite trait) (Holstein) |
|
0.30 |
Total score (Jersey) |
HUN |
0.20 |
Overall conformation |
ITA |
0.15 |
Final score (composite trait) (Holstein) |
|
0.22 |
-"- (Jersey) |
JPN |
0.27 |
Overall conformation (composite trait) |
NLD |
0.30 |
Overall conformation (composite trait) |
NOR |
0.19 |
Overall conformation (composite trait) |
NZL |
0.19 |
Overall conformation (composite trait) |
POL |
0.28 |
Overall conformation score |
USA |
0.27 |
Final score (Red Dairy
Cattle) |
|
0.21 |
Final score (Guernsey) |
|
0.31 |
Overall conformation (individual trait) (Holstein) |
|
0.19 |
Final score (Jersey) |
ZAF |
- |
- |
|
Trait: Overall udder |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
0.30 |
Mammary system |
BEL |
0.24 |
Overall udder score |
CAN |
0.21 |
Overall udder score (Guernsey) |
|
0.25 |
-"-
(Holstein) |
|
0.20 |
-"-
(Jersey) |
|
0.22 |
-"-
(Red Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.21 |
Overall udder (composite trait) |
CHR |
0.37 |
Composite score for udder |
CZE |
0.20 |
Overall udder score |
DEU |
0.23 |
Overall udder (composite trait) |
DFS |
0.25 |
Mammary (composite trait) (Holstein, Red Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.25 |
Mammary (composite trait) (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.25 |
Mammary system (individual trait) |
EST |
0.31 |
Overall udder score |
FRA |
0.30 |
Udder score (composite trait) |
FRR |
0.41 |
Udder score (composite trait) |
GBR |
0.30 |
Mammary (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.30 |
Mammary (Guernsey) |
|
0.26 |
Overall udder (composite trait) (Holstein) |
|
0.30 |
Mammary (Jersey) |
HUN |
0.12 |
Overall udder |
ITA |
0.28 |
Overall udder (composite trait) (Holstein) |
|
- |
- (Jersey) |
JPN |
0.20 |
Overall udder score (individual trait) |
NLD |
0.34 |
Qualification of the total udder, with emphasis on teat
placement, suspensory ligament and udder depth |
NOR |
0.37 |
Udder index |
NZL |
0.23 |
All traits pertaining to the udder |
POL |
0.15 |
Overall udder score |
USA |
0.26 |
Overall udder (composite trait) (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.32 |
-"- (Guernsey) |
|
0.23 |
-"- (Holstein) |
|
0.23 |
-"- (Jersey) |
ZAF |
- |
- |
|
Trait: Overall feet & legs |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
- |
Side view foot diagonal |
BEL |
0.13 |
Overall feet & legs score |
CAN |
0.17 |
Overall feet & leg score (Guernsey) |
|
0.15 |
-"- (Holstein) |
|
0.13 |
-"- (Jersey) |
|
0.21 |
-"- (Red Dairy Cattle) |
CHE |
0.16 |
Overall feet & legs (composite trait) |
CHR |
0.22 |
Composite score for feet and legs |
CZE |
0.12 |
Overall feet & legs score |
DEU |
0.18 |
Overall feet & legs (composite trait) |
DFS |
0.20 |
Feet and legs (composite trait) (Red Dairy Cattle) |
DNK |
0.15 |
Feet and legs (composite trait) (Jersey) |
ESP |
0.17 |
Feet and legs (individual trait) |
EST |
0.14 |
Overal feet & legs score |
FRA |
0.10 |
Locomotion |
FRR |
- |
- |
GBR |
0.30 |
Overall feet & legs (composite trait) (Red Dairy
Cattle) |
|
0.30 |
-"- (Guernsey) |
|
0.15 |
-"- (Holstein) |
|
0.30 |
-"- (Jersey) |
HUN |
0.15 |
Overall feet & legs |
ITA |
0.10 |
Overall feet & legs (Holstein) |
|
0.09 |
Subjective score of feet & legs (Jersey) |
JPN |
0.13 |
Overall feet & legs (individual trait) |
NLD |
0.17 |
Set and bone quality of legs, quality of feet, and use of
legs and feet |
NOR |
0.07 |
Leg index |
NZL |
- |
- |
POL |
0.10 |
Overall feet and leg score |
USA |
0.15 |
Feet & legs (composite) (Red Dairy Cattle) |
|
0.12 |
-"- (Guernsey) |
|
0.17 |
Feet & legs score
(Holstein) |
|
0.09 |
Feet & legs (composite) (Jersey) |
ZAF |
- |
- |
|
Trait: Locomotion |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
- |
- |
BEL |
0.09 |
Use rear leg rear view (Hol) |
CAN |
0.13 |
Use rear leg rear view |
CHE |
0.06 |
Composite |
CHR |
- |
- |
CZE |
- |
- |
DEU |
0.07 |
Locomotion (WHFF) (Holstein,RDC) |
DFS |
0.19 |
Rear leg rear view (Holstein) |
ESP |
- |
- |
EST |
- |
- |
FRA |
0.10 |
Locomotion (Holstein) |
FRR |
- |
- |
GBR |
0.10 |
Locomotion (Holstein) |
HUN |
- |
- |
ITA |
0.15 |
Subjective functionality score (Holstein) |
JPN |
- |
- |
NLD |
0.12 |
Use of legs and feet |
NOR |
- |
- |
NZL |
- |
- |
POL |
- |
- |
USA |
0.17 |
Mobility (Holstein) |
ZAF |
- |
- |
|
Trait: Body Condition Score |
Country |
h2 |
Definition |
AUS |
- |
- |
BEL |
0.33 |
Body condition score |
CAN |
0.26 |
Angularity |
CHE |
0.17 |
Body condition score (Edmonson) |
CHR |
- |
- |
CZE |
- |
- |
DEU |
0.25 |
Body condition score (WHFF) (Holstein,RDC) |
DFS |
0.23 |
Body condition score (Holstein) |
ESP |
- |
- |
EST |
- |
- |
FRA |
0.28 |
Angularity (Holstein) |
FRR |
0.36 |
Muscularity |
GBR |
0.27 |
Body condition score (Holstein) |
HUN |
- |
- |
ITA |
0.31 |
Angularity (Holstein) |
JPN |
- |
- |
NLD |
0.35 |
The relative fatness or body composition of the cow |
NOR |
- |
- |
NZL |
0.20 |
Visual estimate of condition |
POL |
- |
- |
USA |
0.31 |
Angularity (Holstein) |
ZAF |
- |
- |
|
|
|